Notes: South Africa
South Africa
- Dutch trading colony created
- Afrikaans- Boers
- Celic Rhodes
- Lord Kitchener
- 2 Boer states created- Transvaal Orange free state
2nd Boer War
- Boers used Guerilla Warfare
- British created concentration camps
- Captured kids and woman and used them to lure out the Boers
- S.A asked to join Commonwealth, economic rehabilitation
- Afrikaans
- 80% Bantus
- African National congress
Adolf Hitler
- Majorities of white south Africans supported Germany/ Nazis
- Dutch Reformist church- supports Nazis
- National party- led by Daniel Malan
- Only Afrikaans can vote, not Bantus
- Apartheid
1950 Group Areas Act
- Goal was to geographically separate races
- 1953- separate Amenities Act
- Ranked from 1. White, 2. Colored, 3. Black
- Separate beaches, sidewalks, water fountains, sports, ect
- Everyone had to carry race documents
- Separate towns- white only
- Went to other countries to see what they did about segregation- south us had some black segregation, Canada had reserves for aboriginals
- Created Bantustans “homelands” for black people – 80% of the people on 11-13% of the land
- Bad land
ANC
- Albert Luthuli
- Followed Gandhi’s way of non-violence
PAC
1960
- Sharpesville protests - Peaceful
- SA police showed up and started firing- 69 killed, mainly shot in the back from running away- 180 injured
- ANC outlawed
Nelson Mandela
- Was set free in 1961
- Says that non-violence is not the answer to the problem in SA
- Created Umkhonto We Sizwe- Spear of the Nation
- Arrested, 1964 convicted until 1989 on Robben Island
Sharpseville
- Canada, Australia, Great Britain are the most outspoken about this
- Sharpesville is a turning point, and is seen as a horrible event
- SA becomes a republic
1974
- Afrikaans Medium decree
- kids could only be taught Afrikaans or English- only those cultures
- Soweto riots- not very peaceful
- 1500 armed people
- 600 people dead
- after Soweto white people joined black people in protest for the first time
- Israel supports SA
- SA banned from world cup for many years
1985 Botha Emergency
1984 De Klerk
- legalizes ANC- terrorist organization
- frees Mandela from prison 1989
1993- Mandela
- Nobel peace prize
- President
- Truth and Reconciliation
- Dutch trading colony created
- Afrikaans- Boers
- Celic Rhodes
- Lord Kitchener
- 2 Boer states created- Transvaal Orange free state
2nd Boer War
- Boers used Guerilla Warfare
- British created concentration camps
- Captured kids and woman and used them to lure out the Boers
- S.A asked to join Commonwealth, economic rehabilitation
- Afrikaans
- 80% Bantus
- African National congress
Adolf Hitler
- Majorities of white south Africans supported Germany/ Nazis
- Dutch Reformist church- supports Nazis
- National party- led by Daniel Malan
- Only Afrikaans can vote, not Bantus
- Apartheid
1950 Group Areas Act
- Goal was to geographically separate races
- 1953- separate Amenities Act
- Ranked from 1. White, 2. Colored, 3. Black
- Separate beaches, sidewalks, water fountains, sports, ect
- Everyone had to carry race documents
- Separate towns- white only
- Went to other countries to see what they did about segregation- south us had some black segregation, Canada had reserves for aboriginals
- Created Bantustans “homelands” for black people – 80% of the people on 11-13% of the land
- Bad land
ANC
- Albert Luthuli
- Followed Gandhi’s way of non-violence
PAC
1960
- Sharpesville protests - Peaceful
- SA police showed up and started firing- 69 killed, mainly shot in the back from running away- 180 injured
- ANC outlawed
Nelson Mandela
- Was set free in 1961
- Says that non-violence is not the answer to the problem in SA
- Created Umkhonto We Sizwe- Spear of the Nation
- Arrested, 1964 convicted until 1989 on Robben Island
Sharpseville
- Canada, Australia, Great Britain are the most outspoken about this
- Sharpesville is a turning point, and is seen as a horrible event
- SA becomes a republic
1974
- Afrikaans Medium decree
- kids could only be taught Afrikaans or English- only those cultures
- Soweto riots- not very peaceful
- 1500 armed people
- 600 people dead
- after Soweto white people joined black people in protest for the first time
- Israel supports SA
- SA banned from world cup for many years
1985 Botha Emergency
1984 De Klerk
- legalizes ANC- terrorist organization
- frees Mandela from prison 1989
1993- Mandela
- Nobel peace prize
- President
- Truth and Reconciliation
Quotes:
"I will not leave South Africa, nor will I surrender. Only through hardship, sacrifice and militant action can freedom be won. The struggle is my life. I will continue fighting for freedom until the end of my days." - Nelson Mandela
"In my country of South Africa, we struggled for years against the evil system of apartheid that divided human beings, children of the same God, by racial classification and then denied many of them fundamental human rights." - Desmond Tutu
If there are dreams about a beautiful South Africa, there are also roads that lead to their goal. Two of these roads could be named Goodness and Forgiveness."
"In my country of South Africa, we struggled for years against the evil system of apartheid that divided human beings, children of the same God, by racial classification and then denied many of them fundamental human rights." - Desmond Tutu
If there are dreams about a beautiful South Africa, there are also roads that lead to their goal. Two of these roads could be named Goodness and Forgiveness."
Pictures:
Subjunctive question
How would things be different if Nelson Mandela was not freed from prison?
Video:
3,2,1:
Discrimination, Forgiveness, Brutality
If the ANC was not outlawed, and Nelson Mandela was not sent to Jail, how would the fight have changed?
Before the Soweto Uprising, what did the rest of the world think of the situation in South Africa.
An individual ant is week, but together an ant colony is hundreds of times stronger.
If the ANC was not outlawed, and Nelson Mandela was not sent to Jail, how would the fight have changed?
Before the Soweto Uprising, what did the rest of the world think of the situation in South Africa.
An individual ant is week, but together an ant colony is hundreds of times stronger.
Blog:
The Apartheid in South Africa was a horrible part of South African history. During this time, the white people had complete control of the country, and the black people had little to no rights. They could not chose where they live, travel where they like, or marry out of their own race. The discrimination began to get worse and worse, and after years they decided to make a change and stand up. After many attempts to end the discrimination peacefully, including the Sharpsville Massacre in 1960, and the Soweto Massacre in 1976, violence was needed to be used for their voices to be heard. After the failure of peaceful protesting, violence was necessary for the end of the Apartheid in South Africa.
In 1960, thousands of black protestors gathered outside of the police station in Sharpsville. They were there to protest pass laws, which controlled and directed their movement, and employment. They peacefully protested in front of the station, burning their reference books. Although the protest was peaceful, the white officers proceeded to fire into the crowd killing 69 protestors, and injuring 180. As a result of this protest, the South African Government introduced a law which allowed the police to arrest without a warrant, and the ANC was outlawed. Shortly after this ANC leader Nelson Mandela was arrested and sent to prison for 25 years. This protest led to violence down the road for South Africa, as it showed that peaceful protesting is not affective.
Furthermore, the Soweto Massacre in 1976 was another attempt by the blacks to advocate for their rights. Many students led this uprising, protesting for their rights to choose what language they are educated in, not just Afrikaans. These riots happened in Soweto and other townships, and as a result the white South African police were not happy and killed as many as 575 people. This event shocked the world, and brought much attention to the situation in South Africa. After the Sharpsville Massacre, the ANC realized that peaceful protesting will not get them anywhere, and as a result, there was an increase of violent measures including boycotts, and car bombings. Although these events were violent, the ANC gained the attention they needed to get their point to be heard.
However, the violence along the way was necessary to get to where they were, the end to the Apartheid was finally ended in 1994 with the elections. Before the election in 1994, Prime Minister P.W. Botha introduced a list of reforms in 1978, which significantly increased the freedom of black people including the freedom to marry whomever, live wherever, and pass laws were abolished. This was a huge step which led to the elections in 1994 in which the ANC was elected and Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s President.
The end to the South African Apartheid was a process that took decades. The black people were discriminated for too long and acted to make a change. After their attempts to peacefully protest in Sharpsville resulted in people being killed, and their voices not being heard, they had to rely on violence. Violence was a necessary part in ending the Apartheid, as it gained the attention that they needed, which led to the reformations in 1978, and the elections in 1994.
In 1960, thousands of black protestors gathered outside of the police station in Sharpsville. They were there to protest pass laws, which controlled and directed their movement, and employment. They peacefully protested in front of the station, burning their reference books. Although the protest was peaceful, the white officers proceeded to fire into the crowd killing 69 protestors, and injuring 180. As a result of this protest, the South African Government introduced a law which allowed the police to arrest without a warrant, and the ANC was outlawed. Shortly after this ANC leader Nelson Mandela was arrested and sent to prison for 25 years. This protest led to violence down the road for South Africa, as it showed that peaceful protesting is not affective.
Furthermore, the Soweto Massacre in 1976 was another attempt by the blacks to advocate for their rights. Many students led this uprising, protesting for their rights to choose what language they are educated in, not just Afrikaans. These riots happened in Soweto and other townships, and as a result the white South African police were not happy and killed as many as 575 people. This event shocked the world, and brought much attention to the situation in South Africa. After the Sharpsville Massacre, the ANC realized that peaceful protesting will not get them anywhere, and as a result, there was an increase of violent measures including boycotts, and car bombings. Although these events were violent, the ANC gained the attention they needed to get their point to be heard.
However, the violence along the way was necessary to get to where they were, the end to the Apartheid was finally ended in 1994 with the elections. Before the election in 1994, Prime Minister P.W. Botha introduced a list of reforms in 1978, which significantly increased the freedom of black people including the freedom to marry whomever, live wherever, and pass laws were abolished. This was a huge step which led to the elections in 1994 in which the ANC was elected and Nelson Mandela became South Africa’s President.
The end to the South African Apartheid was a process that took decades. The black people were discriminated for too long and acted to make a change. After their attempts to peacefully protest in Sharpsville resulted in people being killed, and their voices not being heard, they had to rely on violence. Violence was a necessary part in ending the Apartheid, as it gained the attention that they needed, which led to the reformations in 1978, and the elections in 1994.